Cause and Effect ; A Conjunction Followed by A Clause and A Phrase / Gerund

Sahabat Sangkolan, Berikut ini adalah Materi mengenai Cause and Effect ; A Conjunction Followed by A Clause and A Phrase / Gerund.

Peta Konsep;
Konteks ; lingkungan sosial di sekolah
Fungsi Sosial ; Menjelaskan, memberikan alasan, messyukuri, dsb
Struktur teks ; Dapat mencakup: 1) Memulai, 2) Menanggapi (diharapkan/ di luar dugaan)
Unsur kebahasaan ; Kata yang menyatakan hubungan sebab akibat: because of due to thanks to... Nomina singular dan plural dengan atau tanpa a, the, this, those, my, their.

A. Tujuan Pembelajaran

Setelah kegiatan pembelajaran 1 ini peserta didik diharapkan mampu membedakan dan menggunakan fungsi sosial, struktur teks dan unsur kebahasaan ungkapan sebab akibat because of ..., due to ..., thanks to .. dalam percakapan sehari-hari sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya.

B. Uraian Materi 

Perhatikan percakapan di bawah ini !

With a partner, read the conversation given below.

Jane     : Hi Ray! What are you doing?

Ray       : Hey Jane! I am reading an article on smoking.

Jane     : Smoking! Why?

Ray       :For presentation in Science class.

Jane    : So tell me what you learnt about smoking.

Ray       : Did you know that smoking is one of the main causes of sickness in smokers? For example:

1. Smoking weakens the lungs due to which there is a build up of poisonous substances.

2. Smoking causes heart attacks, strokes, ulcers.

Jane     : Really? It sounds scary.

Ray       : It is! If we do not educate people about the effects of smoking, there will be a lot of people suffering from these diseases.

Jane     : You are right. We have to do it.

Discuss with your partner 

1. What do you think is happening in the above conversation? 

2. Do you think smoking is dangerous? 

3. Do you think it should be banned?

halaman selanjutnya :

halaman 2

Building Block

Kata penghubung sebab-akibat atau dalam bahasa Inggris disebut cause-effect adalah kata penghubung yang menghubungkan sebuah sebab dan akibatnya. Ada dua jenis kata penghubung yaitu:

1. Kata penghubung yang diikuti dengan clause 

Kata penghubung yang diikuti dengan klausa/ clause adalah kata penghubung yang memerlukan sebuah subject dan predicate dalam penulisannya. Kata penghubung jenis pertama ini antara lain:

a) Because

Sinta was absent because she got bad cold yesterday

b) Since

Jenny has decided to move to Surabaya since there are more opportunities for employment in that city.

c) As

The players delivered a splendid performance as they had rehearsed well

d) For

He could not get a seat for he came too late

e) As a result of

There are too many tasks, as a result most of the students are unhappy and stressed.

2. Kata penghubung yang diikuti frasa / gerund

Kata penghubung yang diikuti frasa adalah kata hubung yang hanya diikuti dengan frasa benda saja atau gerund tanpa ada predicate atau verb di dalamnya. Kata penghubung jenis kedua ini antara lain:

a) Due to

Due to driving while drunk, his driving license was seized by the police

b) Because of

The teacher got angry because of the students’ disobedience

c) Owing to

Owing to her hard work, she passed the SBMPTN entrancestest

d) Thanks to

Thanks to their good plan, the event ran well.

We can mention the cause first, then the effect.

    e.g. A tsunami causes disturbances.

We can also mention the effect first, then the cause.

    e.g. A tsunami is caused by the displacement of a large volume of a body of water

halaman selanjutnya :

halaman 3

Penugasan Mandiri Match the words in the left column with the word in the right one so that they show a relationship.

1. Global warming             A. Anopheles Mosquito bite

2. Accident                         B. Lack of rain

3. Malaria                         C. Economic crisis

4. Flood                             D. Broken home

5. Juvenile delinquency     E. Ozone depletion

6. Drought                         F. Lack of vitamin

7. Water pollution              G. Careless driving

8. Unemployment             H. Plastic waste

9. Avitaminosis                 I. Misunderstanding

10. Chaos                         J. Barren forest

Based on your answer, make a sentence showing a cause and effect relationship. Number one is done for you.

1. Global warming is caused by ozone depletion

2. ………………………………………………………………………

3. ………………………………………………………………………

4. ………………………………………………………………………

5. ………………………………………………………………………

6. ………………………………………………………………………

7. ………………………………………………………………………

8. ………………………………………………………………………

9. ………………………………………………………………………

10. ………………………………………………………………………

Latihan Soal

Do these exercises below by completing the sentences using Because or Because of !

1. I can not come to your house______it is rain

2. I am afraid_______a ghost

3. Sinta makes a cake______her mom likes it

4. we will join that community______you

5. _______we never realize him anymore in our life

6. I don’t bring an umbrella______it is not rain

7. That girl is so smart______she never be lazy to study

8. Diana can not come to the party_______her mom never let her

9. My life has changed and it is_______you

10. I let him to go ______ I care with you

11. we were bored_______the space was too long

12. We decided to stay at office______the weather was bad

13. ________the weather was bad, she stayed at office

14. she lets me go_____she never care with me

15. I am not happy______the film is not so good

16. Alex was worried______the rain

17. we were bored______the speech

18. I am so happy______I always with you here

19. _______this cake, he loves me so much

20. I will wear a jacket______the weather was so cold

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